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Human rights issues of North Korean refugees

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작성일 23-03-22 22:56

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U.S. Department of State, The Status of North Korea Asylum Seekers and the U.S. Government Policy Towards Them (USA: Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration, 2005, http://www.state.gov/error_404.html, accessed on 24 August 2009)
UNOHCHR, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/11session/A.HRC.11.14_AUV.pdf, accessed on Jul. 21, 2009, p.4-5
Loescher, Gil & Monahan, Laila (eds), Refugees and International Relations (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989) Introduction & ch.1
Chan, Elim and Schloenhardt, Andreas, “North Koreas refugees and international refugee law”, International Journal of Refugee Law, 19(2) (2007), pp. 215-245

U.S. Congressional Research Service (CRS), Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation (USA: CRS, 2008) pp. 1-6
Gowman, Philip, “North Koreans in Britain”, London Korean Links, 3 August 2008, http://londonkoreanlinks.net/2008/08/03/north-koreans-in-britain/, accessed on 21 June 2009.
Smith Rhona K. M. Text & Materials on International Human Rights (New York: Routledge-Cavendish, 2007) Ch. 1, 2, 4 and 13
Ishay, Micheline R. (ed) The Human Rights Reader: Major Political Essays, Speeches, and Documents From the Bible to the Present (New York: Routeldge, 1997)
UNHCR, Guidelines on Applicable Criteria and Standards Relating to the Detention of Asylum Seekers (Geneva: UNHCR, 1999)
Ministry of Unification of ROK, Policy supporting Settlement of North Korean defectors (Seoul; MoU, 2007)
Lavenex, Sandra, The Europeanisation of Refugee Policies: Between human rights and internal security (England: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2001) p. 8-16
Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and Refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation, Emma Chanlett-Avery, Jan. 30, 2009:3
Helton, Arthur C, Human Rights: An Agenda for the Next Century, Henkin, Louis and Harbrove, John Lawrence (eds) (Washington, The American Society of International Law, 1994) ch. 3 Refugees: An Agenda for Reform,, 17

UNHCR, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, HCR/IP/4/Eng/REV.1, (Geneva: UNHCR, 1979- Reedited January 1992) p. 16
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Bloch, Alice ,The Migration and Settlement of Refugees in Britain (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002) ch.3: Current UK and European Policy
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Bibliography
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Tomuschat, C, Human Rights between Idealism and Realism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003) p.7
Kim, Mike, Escaping North Korea: Defiance and Hope in the World`s Most Repressive Country (USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2008)
Korea Institute of National Unification, White Paper on Human Rights in North Korea 2009 (Seoul: KINU, 2009)
 Conclusion 46
International instruments on human rights of refugees 21
U.S. Committee on International Relations House of Representatives, North Korea: Human Rights, Refugees, And Humanitarian Challenges (Washington: U.S. government printing office, 2004) pp. 1-113
UN General Assembly, Human Rights Situations that requires the Council’s attention, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Vitit Muntarbhorn (UN Human Rights Council, 2009)
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Allen, Richard V., Solarz, Stephen J., “Preface”, in in Haggard, Stephan and Noland, Marcus (eds), The North Korean Refugee Crisis: Human Rights and International Response (USA: US Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2006)
Smith Rhona K. M. Text & Materials on International Human Rights (New York: Routledge-Cavendish, 2007) Ch. 1, 2, 4 and 13
1.3 Eligibility of North Korean defectors as refugees 17
Human Rights Without Frontiers Int., Lack of International Protection for North Korean Refugees (HRWF, 2005)

UNHCR, States Parties to the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol (Geneva: UNHCR, 2008)
UN, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml, accessed on 20 July 2009
영국 런던대학교에서 북한 난민의 인권문제를 주제로 작성한 졸업논문입니다. 담당 교수님으로부터 구성과 내용면에서 좋다는 평가를 받았으며 북한 탈북자가 난민의 지위를 받아야 하는 정당성을 피력하였습니다.

Goodwin-Gill, Guy S., The refugee in International law (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983)
Appendix Map of North Korea
U.S. Congressional Research Service (CRS), U.S. Immigration Policy on Asylum Seekers, (USA: Immigration Policy Domestic Social Policy Division, 2005)

설명



1.1 Concept of basic human rights 9
Armstrong, Charles K., “US-North Korea relations” in Feffer, John(ed.), The Future of US-Korean Relations: The Imbalance of power (USA: Routledge, 2006) ch. 1
Robinson, W. Courtland, “The Comprehensive Plan of Action for Indochinese Refugees, 1989-1997: Sharing the Burden and Passing the Buck”, Journal of Refugee Studies Vo.17, No.3 (2004)
Kurlantzick, Joshua & Mason, Jana, “North Korean Refugees: The Chinese Dimension”, in Haggard, Stephan and Noland, Marcus (eds), The North Korean Refugee Crisis: Human Rights and International Response (USA: US Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2006)

The National Assembly of the Republic of Korean, Act for the Protection and Settlement Support of North Korean Escapees, revised Jan.30, 2009, number 9358, http://likms.assembly.go.kr/law/jsp/Law.jsp?WORK_TYPE=LAW_BON&LAW_ID=A1292&PROM_NO=09358&PROM_DT=20090130&HanChk=Y, accessed on 21 Aug.2009)

Download : Human rights issues.doc( 79 )


3.2 United States’ response toward North Korean refugees 32
Abstract






3.3 United Kingdom’s response toward North Korean refugees 37
Bibliography
UNHCR, UNHCR annual report shows 42 million people uprooted worldwide, http://www.unhcr.org/4a2fd52412d.html, accessed on 22 July 2009)
Kil-su, Chang, Rainbow drawn by tears: hope of a child from North Korea by text and paint (Seoul: Munhak Such`op, 2000)
Amnesty International, http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA24/008/2009/en/598bc978-295c-462a-8012-f4bebb46a9f8/asa240082009en.pdf, accessed on 4 August 2009)
1.2 Concept of refugees and human rights of refugees 14
북한 인권 난민 인권 국제법 난민지위 미국의 북한 난민 정 중국의 북한 난민정책
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Home Office (Lord West of Spithead), “Asylum Seekers: North Korea”, U.K. Parliament, 29 Sep 2008, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldhansrd/text/80929w0026.htm, accessed on 21 June 2009)

Stork, Joe, “Human Rights and U.S. Policy”, Foreign policy INFOCUS Vol. 4, No. 8, 1999)


Human Rights First, BACKGROUND BRIEFING NOTE: The Detention of Asylum Seekers in the United States: Arbitrary under the ICCPR (New York: Human Rights First, 2007)
레포트 > 사회과학계열
참고 자료(資料)
Chang, Haggard & Noland, “North Korean Refugees in China: Evidence from a Survey”, in Haggard, Stephan and Noland, Marcus (eds), The North Korean Refugee Crisis: Human Rights and International Response (USA: US Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2006)
Amnesty International, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review Sixth session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council November: Amnesty International, 2009)
본문내용
Brownlie, Ian (ed.), Basic Documents on Human Rights, third edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992)
Human rights issues-2341_01.jpg Human rights issues-2341_02_.jpg Human rights issues-2341_03_.jpg Human rights issues-2341_04_.jpg Human rights issues-2341_05_.jpg
Human rights issues of North Korean refugees
Human Rights Watch, Denied Status, Denied Education: Children of North Korean Women in China, (HRW, 2008)
영국 런던대학교에서 북한 난민의 인권문제를 주제로 작성한 졸업논문입니다. 담당 교수님으로부터 구성과 내용면에서 좋다는 평가를 받았으며 북한 탈북자가 난민의 지위를 받아야 하는 정당성을 피력하였습니다.
Wolfowitz, Paul, “How to Help North Korea`s Refugees :The two imprisoned American journalists were trying to tell an important story”, The Wall Street Journal, 16 June 2009, P. A15
다. 우선 난민의 지위와 국제법상의 기본개념부터 잡아들어가기 시작했으며 본문에서는 한국과 중국, 미국, 영국의 북한 난민 정책에 대한 입장을 상세히 적었습니다.
 Chapter 1
Hathaway, James C., The Rights of Refugees under International Law (Cambridge University of Press, 2005)
U.S. Congressional Research Service (CRS), Congress and U.S. Policy on North Korean Human Rights and refugees: Recent Legislation and Implementation (USA: CRS, 2009) pp. 1-6
UNHCR, Statistical Online Population Database, Total Population of concern to UNHCR: Refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, returnees, stateless persons, and others of concern to UNHCR by country/territory of asylum, end-2008, http://www.unhcr.org/pages/4a0174156.html, (accessed on Aug.3, 2009)
Lankov, Andrei, “Bitter Taste of Paradise: North Korean refugees in South Korea”, in Haggard, Stephan and Noland, Marcus (eds),The North Korean Refugee Crisis: Human Rights and International Response (USA: US Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2006)
Human Rights Watch, World Report 2008 (HRW, 2008)

Lim, Bomi, ‘South Korea May Punish North`s Refugees Who Seek Asylum Abroad’, in Yonhap news, October 5, 2008 , appeared on Bloomberg) http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601080&sid=aRiU__Y8.lMg, accessed on 24 August 2009).
Lee, Eric Yong-Joong, “National and International Legal Concerns regarding Recent North Korean Escapees”, International Journal of Refugee Law, Vol.13 No.1/2 (2001), pp. 142-152
Home Office UK Border Agency, North Korea Operational Guidance Note (London: Home Office, 2008)


This paper deals with human rights issues of North Korean refugees. In fact, it tries to analyse to what extent four concerned states, such as China, the U.S., the U.K. and South Korean comply with international instruments on human rights and refugees in order to protect North Korean refugees and their basic human rights. North Korean defectors are eligible for refugee status because returned defectors face harsh penalties and they fled from severe famine, which amounts to political persecution. There are many international instruments on human rights and refugees and the four concerned states are State Parties to most of the instruments. However, the degree of those states’ compliance with the instruments is varied and a bit disappointing. China views North Korean defectors as illegal economic immigrants and repatriate them to North Korea. Such a practice is against 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, which is the most principal refugee instrument. In addition, basic human rights violations of North Korean defectors in China are serious and the country is violating other international instruments to a great extent. The U.S. and the U.K. consider that North Korean defectors are eligible for asylum seekers.



Human Rights Resource Center, University of Minnesota, http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/edumat/hreduseries/hereandnow/Part-5/6_glossary.html, accessed on 21 July 2009
3.4 South Korea’s response toward North Korean refugees 41
3.1 China’s response toward North Korean refugees 25
UNHCR, Famine in slow motion: A case study of internal displacement in North Korea (Geneva: UNHCR, 2000) Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2000
Constitutional Court of Korea, Constitution of the Republic of Korea


UNHCR (Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees), http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3be01b964.html, accessed on 22 July 2009

Natsios, Andrew S., The Great North Korean Famine (USA: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2002)
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Introduction 5

UN, http://untreaty.un.org/cod/avl/ha/prsr/prsr.html, accessed on 23 July 2009
Cranston, Maurice, What are Human Rights? (London: The Bodley Head, 1973) p.1-7, VII, Appendix A

U.S. Congressional Research Service (CRS), North Korean Refugees in China and Human Rights Issues: International Response and U.S. Policy Options (USA: CRS, 2007), pp.1-37
순서
Loescher, Gil, Beyond Charity: International Cooperation and the Global Refugee Crisis A Twentieth Century Fund Book (USA: Oxford University Press, 1996)
 Chapter 3
Home Office, Asylum Statistics: 4th Quarter 2007:2 (London: Home Office, 26 February 2008)
Human Rights Watch, North Korea (USA: Human Rights Watch, November 2002), Vol. 14, No. 8 (C)
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 Chapter 2
우선 난민의 지위와 국제법상의 기본定義(정이) 부터 잡아들어가기 처음 했으며 본문에서는 한국과 중국(中國), 미국, 영국의 북한 난민 정책에 대한 입장을 상세히 적었습니다.
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